River
Water Level Monitoring with Flood Warning System in Barangay Ruparan, Digos
City
Balingit, Annabeth
, Tamayo, Apple Joy
and Solatorio, Gilbert
ABSTRACT
Flood is a
natural calamity, it is impossible to be avoided. Flooding can happen because
of heavy rainfall or the water flow is obstructed. This phenomenon causes harm
and leaves damages for the livestock’s, crops, infrastructures and to the
people who live around the flood area. Preventive measures are necessary to
minimize the casualties of such phenomenon, hence, technology is best known in
providing help and assistance for mankind. The proposed water level monitoring
with flood warning system is a concrete example. This system detects water and
then monitors the water level and provides data and notification to the
residents who always face flood dilemmas at particular flooding areas. A
microcontroller is utilized to control the functions of the device. A warning
will be given once the water reaches certain levels. The device transmits
information about the water level status and the data will be stored in a
database for analytical purposes. An electronic display system will be used to
display such information in the location of the device and a database is set
for analytical purposes. The ability to receive notification on water level
status empowers both government and private organizations to react to imminent
danger in an effective manner. Once the alert is received in the monitoring
center, the authorities must respond to it immediately. Being prepared for a
flood does not only keep the community safe, it can also help minimize
potential flood damage and reduce the costs of recovery.
1.
INTRODUCTION
Philippines is
known to be very prone to flooding, that is why the proponents decided to
design and develop a water level monitoring monitoring system. This project
utilizes a monitoring device using a sensor, Arduino and a GSM. The monitoring
device will be the one that detects and monitors the water level of a certain
area. While the GSM or known as the
Global System for Mobile Communications will be used to send data or
information for the upcoming flood. Another GSM and a mobile phone will be used
as a receiver.
There is also an
alarm system that is divided into 3 levels; level 1, level 2 and the critical
level. When the monitoring device
detects that the water level rises up to level 1, it will trigger the sound
alarm and sends a message that will inform/warn the monitoring personnel about
the status of the water level. A sound alarm will be installed in both the
monitoring center and in the site. If the water rises up to level 2 another
alarm will be triggered and the GSM will send a message to the local government
to inform the rescuers to prepare for rescue. When the water reaches the
critical level a warning for immediate evacuation will be sent and the alarm
for critical level will be triggered.
There are many
other technologies available to communicate with the water level monitoring
system such as satellite technologies. However, compared to satellite
monitoring, GSM technologies has better advantages by sending SMS to multiple
recipients which is faster (more spontaneous), cheaper and often used. Therefore,
crops, properties and live stocks can be saved in time.
2. OBJECTIVES
The general
objective of this study is to develop a water level monitoring system that can
help monitor the height and raise of water in every level. The specific
objectives of the study are following; to monitor the water level at time
interval by sending notifications by means of GSM, to gather the measured data
at the receiving station or the monitoring center, the CDRRMC, to give aid to
the people living in the community and to be more aware for the possibility of
flood to occur and to provide notification and information to the City Disaster
Risk Reduction Management Center (CDRRMC) by means of GSM regarding about the
condition of the water level for them to take immediate action.
3.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Figure 3.1 Flow Diagram
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The ultrasonic sensor sends a
sound wave to the water and then measures the reflected pulse distance.
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GSM 2 receives the data.
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Mobile Phone/s receives the data.
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The received data will be stored
and displayed in a database
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The alarm will be triggered
whenever the water reaches certain levels (level 1, level 2 and level 3).
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The measured distance will be then
displayed in the LCD
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The gathered data will be sent
through GSM 1.
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The alarm will be triggered
whenever the water reaches certain levels (level 1, level 2 and level 3).
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Gizduino decrypts the signal from
the GSM and converts it into commands.
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The microcontroller (Gizduino) decrypts
the signal from the sensor and converts it into commands.
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Figure 3.2 System Design
4.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In
order to make the device operate both GSM and gizduino must have their own
power supply. A regulated 5 volts with 1.5 A is required for the GSM. While a
minimum of 7 volts with 800 mA is required for the gizduino. The data gathered
by the transmitter (GSM1) is sent to the monitoring center where the receiver
(GSM2) is set. A mobile phone is used for another receiver of other monitoring
personnel. The received data in the center is then stored and displayed in the
database. The sensor detects the distance above the water to the bridge but the
data that is sent and displayed is the equivalent depth of the water. The
calculations are
4.1 Calculations
Water Depth or Stage Height
d= H-h
Where:
d-
The depth of the water (m).
H-
Height of bridge from elevation zero which is equal to 5.6 m.
h-
Distance traveled by the sound wave sent by the sensor (m).
5.
CONCLUSIONS
This system is
made for monitoring water level at every time interval. The system will measure
the depth of the water. It will send notifications to the concerned persons,
and to the CDRRMC. The CDRRMC is the receiving station for all of the data that
is gathered from the transmitter stations. Data gathering is essential in
predicting the behavior of the water.
6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to
extend our deepest gratitude to the following people who helped make this
project possible;
First of all, to Almighty
God the Father for the gift of life. For the guidance, courage and for
unconditionally loving us despite of our imperfections.
Engr. Wella Lyn
Mateo for her support, patience and guidance all throughout in the making of
this project.
Engr. Jamie Eduardo
Rosal for imparting his knowledge and skills, for encouraging us and giving
insightful commentaries and advices. For
spending extra time helping us to have clearer structures.
Engr. Amielou
Cisneros for the fruitful advices and lessons about water resources.
To the
proponent’s family a sincere thanks to them, for their outmost care and love. For
their never-ending support: financially, emotionally and spiritually.
7. REFERENCES
Design
of Early Warning Flood Detection Systems for Developing Countries
Elizabeth Basha, Member, IEEE, and
Daniela Rus, Member, IEEE
Automatic Water Level Monitoring System EWLR-101BH/BX
ENCARDIO RITE
Monitoring Water Level in Agriculture Using Sensor
Networks
Iqbal
Singh, Meenakshi Bansal
GSM
Based Water level and Temperature Monitoring System
Usama Abdullah1, Ayesha Ali2
(Volume
3, Issue 2, August 2014)
Final
Report: Remote Water Level Monitoring: A Prototype of a Wireless Sensor Network
for Water Monitoring Application
Dhananjay Palshikar
May 12, 2012
Water Quality Monitoring - A Practical Guide to the
Design and Implementation of Freshwater Quality Studies and Monitoring
Programmes
Edited by Jamie Bartram and
Richard Ballance
Published on behalf of United
Nations Environment Programme and the World Health Organization
© 1996 UNEP/WHO
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