Engineering Technology Division

ULTRASONIC DISTANCE MEASUREMENT FOR VEHICLE SAFETY

RIO JOY C. CABALDA

CORNELL G. BURGOS

DANN EMERALD A. MANGUBAT

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

            Crushing vehicles is natural, it is impossible to be avoided. Crushing vehicles can happen because of slippery road, sleepy and drunk. This phenomenon causes harm and leaves damages for the other vehicles, innocent’s citizens, structure and to the people who live around the streets area. Preventive measures are necessary to minimize the casualties of such phenomenon, hence, technology is best known in providing help and assistance for mankind. This system detects danger when the vehicle is near to danger like wall, object or structures and then the system will pull over or break to avoid the crush or bump in the other structures. A micro-controller is utilized to control the functions of the device. A warning will be given once the vehicle reaches the certain measured or distance. The device transmits information about the measured or distance status and data will be transmits to the LCD to know what is distance of the vehicle in front of you. The ability to receive information on the distance measures to react imminent danger in an effective manner. Once the alert is received in the monitoring center, the vehicle must respond to it immediately. Being prepared for crushing incidents does not only keep the citizens safe, it can also help minimize the incidents and reduce the impact of the crush

INTRODUCTION

Project Context

            One of the problems that often occur worldwide is incidents in vehicles. Incidents in vehicles can happen because slippery road, sleepy and drunk. This phenomenon causes harm and leaves damages for the other vehicles, innocents, structure and to the people who live around the streets area. These disasters cannot be avoided but can reduce by using this system that can minimize its impact or be avoided. One way is to monitor the rise of distance measure and to provide advance warning during the occurrence action. The driver of the vehicle will have time to prepare and to avoid incidents.

            Philippines are known to be very prone to vehicle incidents, that are why the proponents decided to design and develop a ultrasonic distance system. This project utilizes a device using a ultrasonic sensor, Arduino and a LCD. The device will be the one that detects and monitor the distance of a certain area. While the LCD will be used to know what is the distance of the other object.

            There is also an alarm system that is divided into 4 colors; orange, green, yellow and the critical color red. When the device detects that the vehicle is far from the object or wall, it will deliver or send to the LCD about the status. If the vehicle is near from the object or wall another data will send to the LCD. When the vehicle is in the nearest point it will trigger the sound alarm and the vehicle will stop.

Purpose and Description

            The study aimed to reduce the accidents in the Philippines especially in the driver that are in drunk, sleepy and other circumstances.

Objective of the Study

            To achieve the goal of the study, the project design is to develop a device that can minimize the accidents:

                                 ·            To minimize the accidents

                                 ·            To avoid destroying other structures

                                 ·            To ensure the safety of the driver

                                 ·            To identify the distance measure in front of your vehicle

Significance of the Study

            The completion of this project is seen to be benefit to the following:

Drivers

                                 ·            This would help the drivers to avoid accidents. If they are drunk, sleepy and the road is slippery the device can help them to avoid the incidents and accidents.

Citizens

                                 ·            This would serve as their safety device, as you can see this device is for the vehicle to avoid crushing on other citizens walking along the street.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

        This figure shown below shows the graphical representation of the whole process of the proposed project. First the ultrasonic sensor senses the distance, and then it will be processed to the Arduino and LCD. Arduino is the microcontroller that will be the responsible of sending the message to the LCD to have the display. There is a warning system assign to give an alarm whenever the distance is near to other structures.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Data Gathered

            After developing of our device, the device can stop immediately if the vehicle is in danger like crushing or bumping on other vehicle. This also LCD to know what is the distance in front of your vehicle. Lastly, it also has an alarm system to know that other vehicle or structures are so near.

Testing and Validation

            The project ULTRASONIC DISTANCE SAFETY MEASURE is successfully finished using Arduino. The objectives of the project are reached as projected and develop the safety of a vehicle and the driver. The project also improves the incidents and accidents in our country. The project would benefit the vehicle owner and to the citizens. With the aid of this device, this can minimize the accidents and incidents.

Conclusion

            It has been concluded that all objectives that have been listed were successfully reached, particularly the following:

1.      Design a software program that can solve the proper distance of the vehicle and the structures.

2.      Design a software program that can minimize accidents and incidents.

3.      Make a miniature to know what is important of the device to a vehicle.

4.      Established a system where you can try your device.

RELEVANT SOURCE CODE

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

#define echoPin 12
#define trigPin 13

LiquidCrystallcd(7,6,5,4,3,2);

int duration, distance;

void setup(){
lcd.begin(16,2);
lcd.clear();

Serial.begin (9600);
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);

pinMode(A0,OUTPUT);
pinMode(A1,OUTPUT);
pinMode(A2,OUTPUT);
pinMode(A3,OUTPUT);
pinMode(A4,OUTPUT);
pinMode(A5,OUTPUT);
pinMode(8,OUTPUT);
pinMode(9,OUTPUT);
pinMode(11,OUTPUT);
pinMode(10,OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(11,HIGH);
delay(700);
digitalWrite(11,LOW);

lcd.createChar(1,customchar);
delay(2000);
lcd.print("Arduino Started");
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Hello");
lcd.write(1);
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();

lcd.print("The Motor start");
delay(2000);
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("5");
delay(1000);

lcd.print("4");
delay(1000);

lcd.print("3");
delay(1000);

lcd.print("2");
delay(1000);

lcd.print("1");
delay(1000);
lcd.clear();

lcd.print("Motor Started");
delay(1000);
lcd.clear();}

void loop(){

digitalWrite(trigPin,LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);

digitalWrite(trigPin,HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);

duration = pulseIn(echoPin,HIGH);
distance = (((duration/58.2)/2.54)/12);

Serial.print(distance);
lcd.noDisplay();
delay(500);
lcd.display();

lcd.print(distance);
lcd.print(" Feet");
delay(100);
lcd.clear();

if (distance>=14) {digitalWrite(A0,HIGH);} else{
digitalWrite(A0,LOW);
digitalWrite(10,HIGH);};

if (distance<=12 ) {digitalWrite(A1,HIGH);}
else{
digitalWrite(A1,LOW);
digitalWrite(10,HIGH);};

if (distance<=10 ) {digitalWrite(A2,HIGH);}
else{
digitalWrite(A2,LOW);
digitalWrite(10,HIGH);};

if (distance<=8 ) {digitalWrite(A3,HIGH);}
else{
digitalWrite(A3,LOW);
digitalWrite(10,HIGH);};

if (distance<=6  ) {digitalWrite(A4,HIGH);}
else{
digitalWrite(A4,LOW);
digitalWrite(10,HIGH);};

if (distance<=4 ) {digitalWrite(A5,HIGH);}
else{
digitalWrite(A5,LOW);
digitalWrite(10,HIGH);};

if (distance<=2 ) {digitalWrite(8,HIGH);}
else{
digitalWrite(8,LOW);
digitalWrite(10,HIGH);};

if (distance==0) {digitalWrite(9,HIGH); digitalWrite(11,HIGH); digitalWrite(10,LOW);}
else{
digitalWrite(9,LOW); digitalWrite(11,LOW);
digitalWrite(10,HIGH); };
}